WHO ARE THE SO-CALLED CARBON MAJORS?
And what are their worldwide effects on environmental and climate justice?
EJ/CJ recognizes the profound implications of the groundbreaking research published by Richard Heede, Climate Mitigation Services, in 2014.
Visit the Climate Accountability Institute (which emerged from the Carbon Majors project described below) to read:
- The original 2014 report: Carbon Majors: Accounting for carbon and methane emissions 1854-2010 Methods & Results Report.
- The Methods & Results indexes (Heede’s data compiled for the report).
Read Richard Heede’s original publication in the journal Climate Change, 2014: Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to fossil fuel and cement producers, 1854–2010.
Read the 2017 Report: The Carbon Majors Database – CDP Carbon Majors Report 2017, by Dr. Paul 2017. Dr. Paul Griffin. Carbon-Majors-Report-2017Griffin of the Carbon Accountability Institute: managing a Carbon Majors database on 100 fossil fuel producers and nearly 1 trillion tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions —52% (62% including non-extants) of global industrial GHGs since the industrial revolution
Scroll down for the alpha list of the 90 corporate entities that this research identifies as responsible for fully two thirds of global carbon emissions between 1850 and 2010.
Also by Richard Heede, Climate Accountability Institute:
Carbon producers’ tar pit: dinosaurs beware – The path to holding fossil fuel producers accountable for climate change and climate damages (Heede, October 17, 2017)
Alpha List – 90 Corporate Entities responsible for two thirds of emissions, 1854 – 2010
[see especially pages 27-28 of the report]
Alpha list of Carbon Majors source file – see Methods and Results Report.
The source file indicates the form of ownership (SOC, IOC, or State) and total contribution to CMEs by percentage for each entity in the year 2010.
1 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
2 Alpha Natural Resources, USA
3 Anadarko, USA
4 Anglo American, UK
5 Apache, USA
6 Arch Coal Company, USA
7 Bahrain Petroleum Corporation
8 BG Group (British Gas) UK
9 BHP Billiton, Australia
10 BP, UK
11 British Coal Corporation
12 Canadian Natural Resources, Canada
13 Cemex, Mexico
14 ChevronTexaco, USA
15 China, PR
16 CNOOC, PR China
17 Coal India, India
18 ConocoPhillips, USA
19 CONSOL Energy, USA
20 Cyprus Amax, USA
21 Czech Republic
22 Czechoslovakia
23 Devon Energy, USA
24 Ecopetrol, Colombia
25 Egyptian General Petroleum, Egypt
26 EnCana, Canada
27 ENI, Italy
28 ExxonMobil, USA
29 FSU (Former Soviet Union)
30 Gazprom, Russia
31 HeidelbergCement, Germany
32 Hess, USA
33 Holcim, Switzerland
34 Husky, Canada
35 Iraq National Oil Company, Iraq
36 Italcementi
37 Kazakhstan
38 Kiewit Mining Group, USA
39 Kuwait Petroleum Corp., Kuwait
40 Lafarge, France
41 Libya National Oil Corp., Libya
42 Lukoil, Russia
43 Luminant / TXU, USA
44 Marathon, USA
45 Massey Energy Corporation, US
46 Murphy Oil, USA
47 Murray Coal Corporation, USA
48 National Iranian Oil Co., Iran
49 Nexen, Canada
50 Nigerian National Petroleum, Nigeria
51 North American Coal, US
52 North Korea
53 Occidental, USA
54 Oil and Gas Corp., India
55 OMV Group, Austria
56 Peabody Energy, USA
57 Pertamina, Indonesia
58 PetroChina (CNPC), China
59 Petrobras, Brazil
60 Petroleos de Venezuela, Venezuela
61 Pemex, Mexico
62 Petroleum Development Oman, Oman
63 Petronas, Malaysia
64 Poland
65 Polish Oil & Gas, Poland
66 Qatar Petroleum, Qatar
67 Repsol, Spain
68 Rio Tinto, UK
69 Rosneft, Russian Federation
70 Royal Dutch Shell, The Netherlands & UK
71 Ruhrkohle AG (RAG), Germany
72 Russian Federation
73 RWE, Germany
74 Sasol, South Africa
75 Saudi Aramco, Saudi Arabia
76 Singareni Collieries, India
77 Sinopec, China
78 Sonangol, Angola
79 Sonatrach, Algeria
80 Statoil, Norway
81 Suncor, Canada
82 Syrian Petroleum, Syria
83 Taiheiyo, Japan
84 Talisman, Canada
85 Total, France
86 UK Coal, UK
87 Ukraine
88 Westmoreland Mining, USA
89 Xstrata, Switzerland
90 Yukos, Russia
